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H. L. GADDIS SLOW BURNING STOVE uit..vlllllllnllrlllilnlnuu .1.11filllllnllllln Filed May '10 1924 Patented Nov. ll, ll924.

NET S rita er rc.

HUGH L. GADDIS, F MACOMB, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN STEEL PRODUCTSCO., OF MACOMB, ILLINOISQA CORPORATION 0F ILLINOIS.

SLOW-BURNING STOVE.

Application filed may 1o,

To all whom t may concern.:

Be lit known that I, HUGH L. GADDIS, citizen of the United States,residing at Macomb, in the county of McDonough and 5 State of Illinois,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Slow-BurningStove; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it apper- Vtains to make and use. the same.

My invention relates to,stoves or heaters and in its general objectsaims to provide a stove construction which will increase the lateralradiation of heat by compelling the products of combustion to pass closeto the lateral wall portions of the stove before they can reach theflue, which will retard the. flue draft so as to effect slow combustionof a fuel which otherwise would burn rapidly, and which will affordready means for catching and removing the flue drip encountered whencertain kinds of fuel are burnt at a relatively slow rate. Furthermore,my invention provides a stove or heater construction in which a singleand simple member will readily afford all of the above named objects, inwhich the said member can readily be removed from the stove and replacedtherein, in which the regular fuel door of the stove will afford accessto the said member, and inl which the said member will also be disposedin an advantageous osition with respect to the check draft used orcontrolling the operation of the stove. In employing coal burningheaters for such purposes as the warming of the space under the hoveror-hood of a broeder, the/ intense heat produced by burning ordinarycoal after the manner generally customary with stoves employed inhouseholds would produce a highly excessive temperature, hence it isnecessary to restrict the draft of such a stove so as to cause the fuelto be consumed at a much lower rate. It is also highly desirable thatthe heat should be radiated to a large extent laterally of the stoverather than upwards, for which reason it is important that the hot gasesshould pass close to the lateral walls of the stove instead of movingpractically vertically towards a 'Hue outlet in the top of the stove.

My present invention affords a simple and.

effective construction for this purpose by 1924. :serian No. 712,230.

providing a baflle constructed for ,compelling the hot gases to passclose to opposed walls'of the stove before they can reach the flue, andby restricting the openings between the combustion chamber of the stoveand the flue so as to retard the normal draft of the stove to a suitableextent.

-Moreover, when common fuels, such as cheap grades of soft coal, areconsumed at the relatively low rate resultin from such a restriction ofthe stove draft, many of the constituents of the fuel are not entirelyconsumed. Instead, they are merely distilled off and rise past thebatile in the form of unburnt vapors. When these vapors strike therelatively cool flue pipe, they are condensed on the interior of thelatter and the resulting condensed distillate trickles down and depositsitself in the form of a ltarry and sticky mass on any ledge below theflue pipe, such as would be formed by such a baille. If theresultingaccumulation is not occasionally removed, the continueddepositing of the same will gradually clog the openings adjacent to thebaille, thereb seriously interfering with the normal dra t and theproper operationy of the stove. To guard against such occurrences, myinvention provides a stove construction in which the drip catchingbaffle is removably supported within. the stove, and provides a stovewith a door through which ythe bame can be readily withdrawn forremoving the said accumulated flue drip. Furthermore, my inventiondesirably provides a stove construction in which the fuel door willafford the needed access to such a fuel-drip Catching member.

I n a still further aspect, my invention provides a vstove constructionwhich will l permit such a removable flue-drip Catching baflle to beemployed advantageously in connection with the automatically operatingcheck draft arrangement disclosed in my copending application #712,229,filed May 10,01924 on a broeder stove, and provides a simple stoveconstruction for this purpose in which the said combination baffle andflue-drip catching member affords part of a flue chamber and is disposedso that the check draft air will pass over the top of the baffle andover the drip whip/h may have accumulated on the latter. otiil furtherYand also more detailed objects will appear from the followingspecification and from the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is acentral, vertical and longitudinal sectionl through a heating stoveembodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a' horizontal section taken through Fig. 1 along the line 2-2and looking upwards.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the combined battle andflue-drip catching member.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section of the uppervportion of anotherembodiment of my invention, namely one constructed without a check draftduct and having a hinged door in the top' of the stove for affordingaccess to the combined bafiie and flue-drip catching member.

Fig. 5 is a section similar to Fig. 3, but showing an embodiment inwhich the effective riser wall of the battle is carried by the door.

Fig. 6 is a similar section through another embodiment, namely one inwhich the door is in the front wall of the stove.

Referring first to` the preferred embodiment of Fig. 1, this shows astove having its main portions composed of three superposed sections,namely a base 1 having a top Q which adords the bottom of the irebox, afirebox `section 3 having rocking grates 4 supported bybit, and acombustion chamber Section5. 'llh'isfcombustion chamber section -iSprovided adjacent to its top with an inwardly projecting ledge 6extending at least along two opposlte sides of this stove and adording asupport for the detachable member of the stove.. Supported by the top ofthe said combustion chamber section of the stove is a top lportion 7,here shown as arched upwards to provide a suicient height above theledge 6 for affording a flue chamber between the bottom of the saiddetachable member and the flue collar 8 which carries the usual sheetmetal flue pipe. This top portion of the stove has a relatively largeopening which can be employed for feeding tuel to thestove and whichnormally is closed by'a removable doore9.

Supported by the said ledges 6 is `the removable member of my stove,which in the embodiments of Figs. 1 to 3 comprises two portions, namelyva riser wall 12 extending along the front of the due collarsubstantially from one side wall. of the stove to the other as shown inFig. 2, and a bottom 13 which is recessed adjacent to each side wallofthe stove so'as to afford passages 10 operatively connecting thecombustion chamber of the stove with the Hue. For this purpose, l amherev showing the said remov- .embodiment particularly whereby thismember may be grasped for removing it through the fuel feed opening inthe top of the stove after the door 9 has been detached.

lln employing such a stove lfor purposes where a control of thetemperature is highly important, lt desirably provide a by-pass duct 15leading from the ashpit of the stove to the space between the bottom ofthe flue collar and the top of the plate 13 which forms the bottom ofthe bame and also provide a rocking damper 1 6 in the said duct',whereby the flow of air through this duct can be controlledautomatically after the manner disclosed in my said copendingapplication.

With the heatingstove thus constructed, it will be obvious from thedrawings thatthe gaseous products of combustion cannot move in straightlines towards the flue, but can only reach the latter after passingthrough the said connecting passages 10 adjacent to the opposite lateraledges of the baffle bottom 13. Consequently, these products ofcombustion areY compelled to pass close to the two side walls of thestove, thereby increasing the lateral radiation of heat. llt will alsobe evident that any drip from the flue due to the condensing of unburntdistillate on the relatively cool rlue portions Cwill dow down upon thebottom 13 of the bale, so that the resulting accumulation can readily beremoved at suitable intervals by simply withdrawing this batte memberfrom the stove through the door opening and scraping oil" theaccumulated deposit., However, since the battle bottom 13 is effectivelyheated during the normal operation of the stove, the drip caught on thelatter is also maintained at a fairly high temperature, so that some ofthis may be entirely consumed by air passing over the battle boththrough the said passages 10 and through the by-pass duct 15.

By placing the ledge 6 substantially at the top of the casting whichhouses the combustion chamber 11A of the stove, ll simplify the castingoperation, and since the said .ledge will also tend to deflectupwardlymovmg gases towards the interior of' the stove,

this ledge also cooperates in compelling the said gases to flow alongpaths which will increase the lateral radiating effect the stove.

l-lowever, while l have heretofore described my invention in a highlydesir ble suited for use in connection with brooders, l do not wie 'tobe 'limited to this use of the same, as my vention obviously could 'beemployed also to good advantage in stoves employed. for other purposes.Neither do l'wish to be limited to the use of my invention in cennectionwith a stove having'a check draft duct leading to the space above the orto other details of the construction and arrangement above described.Obviously, these might all be varied in many ways without departingeither from the spirit of my invention or rom the appended claims.

For example, Fig. 4 shows my invention as applied to a stove having ahinged door in its top and having the removable member supported onrelatively short ledges. Fig. 5 also shows an inclined door 18 at thetop of the stove, but shows this as bodily detachable and as carrying adownwardly extending riser wall 19 which cooperates with a simplehorizontal baffle plate 20 in affording the same general effect as thatobtained by making the bafflebottom 13 and the riser wall 12 integralwith each other after the manner of Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive. That is tosay, the flue chamber 21 between lthe flue collar 8 and the bafflebottom 2() (which y flue chamber effectively forms the lower part of theflue considered as a whole) in this instance has its front and rearwalls formed lrespectively by the depending portion 19 of the door andby the rear wall 22 of the stove, leaving -only the horizontal baffle 20to deflect and throttle the products of combustion and to catch the fluedrip. So also, the door and the opening for the same need not be in thetop of the stove,`

but such a door 23 might be in the front wa-ll, as shown for example inFig. 6.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination with a stove having a flueoutlet in its top, of a flue-drip catch-l ing member removably supportedbelow the flue outlet, and a door disposed so that the said member canbe removed and reinserted through it. y

2. The combination with a stove having a flue outlet in its top, of aflue-drip catching member removably supported below the fiue outlet, anda door disposed so that the said member can be removed and reinsertedthrough it, the said member being shaped to afford a baffle for causingthe combustion products to pass close to wall p ortions of the stovebefore they can reach the flue outlet.

3. The combination with a stove having a flue'outlet in its top, of aflue-drip catching member removably supported below the flue outlet, anda fuel feed door disposed so that the said member can be removed andreinserted through the door.

4. The combination with a stove having a flue outlet in its top, of aflue-drip catching member disposed Within the body of the stove andhaving a substantially horizontal portion under the flue outlet, and adoor through which the said member may be manually withdrawn andinserted.

5. The combination with a stove having a flue outlet in its top, of aflue-drip catching member disposed within the body of the stove andhaving a substantially horizontal 4 portion under the flue outlet, `anda door through which the Said member may be manually withdrawn andinserted, the door having its'lower edge at approximately the sameheight as the horizontal portion of 7. The combination with a stove bodyhaving a flue outlet in its top, of a baille removably supported withinthe body and having a riser portion extending substantially across theinterior of the stove body, the

baflle also having a bottom with an imperforate portion disposedvertically below and spaced from the flue outlet and with opposed edgeportions spaced from the adjacent side walls of the stove to permitproducts of combustion to pass between the said edge portions and thesaid walls.

8. A stove having its body provided with supporting ledges spaced fromits top, a baffle plate removably supported on the said ledges andformed to provide apertures adjacent to opposed walls of the stove, thestove having a flue outlet disposed over and spaced vertically from thebaffle plate so that the latter will catch drip from the flue, the bodhaving an opening through which the ba e plate can be withdrawn, a doornormally closing the said opening, and a the baffle plate being of sucha size as to permit its removal through the said o ening, and a doornormally closing the sai opening.

10. A stove having an opening in one portion of its top and havinganother part of its ton relatively higher and provided with an upperflue outlet, a baffle removably supported within the stoveunder the flueoutlet and having a substantially horizontal portion disposed at aheight approximating lll) that of the irst named top portion of thestove, the bame being of such a size as to permit its removal throughthe said opening, and a door normally closing the said opening, thebaille also having an integral riser portion extending upward close tothe tlue outlet at one side of the latter.

11. A stove having its body provided with supporting ledges spaced fromits top, a

baille removably supported on the said ledges and having a substantiallyhorizontal portion, the stove having a ue outlet disposed over andspaced vertically from the said baille portion so that this portion willcatch drip from the Hue, the body having an opening through which thebae plate can be withdrawn, a door normally closing the said opening,and a duct for supplying air to the interior of the stove body above thesaid portion of the baille Ito facilitate the combustion of the dripcaught by the said baille portion.

12. A. stove having its body provided with an upper iiue outlet, a batheremovably supported within the body and having a bottom vertically belowthe said outlet and spaced from the latter, a door normally closing thesaid opening, the baille plate having its said bottom forming part ofthe top of the combustion chamber of the stove, and a duct for admittingair from outside the combustion chamber of the stove to the spacebetween the said baffle bottom and the due outlet.

13. lln a stove, a body having a Hue outlet in its top, a bale supportedwithin the body Lainate a wall of the stove.

16. A stove body having one. part.s of its top closed except for arecess extending to -one wall of the body and having a riser extendingupwardly along the edge of the recess which is away from that wall, anashpit below the body and having an opening under the said wall, a ductcasting secured to the said wall and cooperating with the latter to forman air duct leading from the ash pit to the portion of the stove abovethe said recess and overhanging the said recessed portion of the top,the said riser and the duct casting having adj oined upper portionscooperating to form a flue outlet 'for the. stove, and 4a bailledetachably supported by [the stove body and extending both under theflue outlet-'and under the overhanging portion ot the duct.

Signed at Macomb, llllinois, April 30,

HUGH L. GADDIS.

